Method of making paper-covered wood veneer shooks



METHOD OF MG PAPER-COVERED WQOD VENEER SHOOKS Moss B. Christian and Horace F. Ladd, Tallulah, La.,

assignors to Chicago Miil and Lumber Company, Chicago, Hi., a corporation of Delaware Application May 8, 1953, Serial No. 353,874

Ciaims. (Cl. 154-118) This invention relates to paper-covered box blanks or shooks and includes method and apparatus for producing the same. Particularly, this invention relates to a wraparound, paper-covered folding box blank composed of a row of transversely spaced Wood veneer pieces With gaps therebetween and having paper covers adhesively united to the Wood veneer pieces and extending across the gaps for providing bending hinges connecting the veneer pieces.

In accordance With this invention green or undried Wood veneer With a moisture content of 30 per cent or more and having the cells thereof in Wet swollen condition is cut to size to provide panel sections for the bottom, sides and top lids of a box. The cut veneer pieces are adhesively coated and deposited on a sheet of tough, unsized kraft paper. This kraft paper is preferably coated With Wax and a mold preventative. The cut veneer pieces have the grain thereof extending transversely across the width of the kraft sheet and project beyond the edges of the paper. Two sheets of kraft paper are then deposited on the coated veneer pieces and another set of glue-coated veneer pieces is deposited on the topmost of the two sheets. In this manner, a stack of veneer pieces covered on both sides with kraft paper is built up and this stack is then pressed by means of clamps or the like to firmly hold the paper against the Wood and create an initial bond With the adhesive. The apparatus of this invention includes a base or platform with upright spacer bars receiving the Wood veneer pieces therebetween to automatically align the pieces on the kraft paper and provide gaps between the pieces of the desired width. These gaps accommodate bending of the paper between adjacent veneer pieces into right angular relation for forrning the wrap-around box or shook. The glue is set sufliciently in the stack to form a bond before the Wood is dried below 30 per cent moisture content. The paper covers are thus firmly bonded to the Wood to hold it against shrinkage. The bonded assemblies are then passed between hot rolls to dry the Wood and further set the glue. The dried assemblies Will have a moisture content of from 6 to 12 per cent but the Wood will be in the expanded open cellular condition of Wet Wood. The dried and completely set assemblies are then trimmed to size and the ends of the Wood pieces projecting beyond the paper covers are cut off.

It is then an object of this invention to provide a papercovered Wrap-around carton blank having a Wood center With the Wood pieces therein separated from each other to provide spaces for bending the paper into carton or box Shape.

A specific object of this invention is to provide a papercovered expanded Wood veneer shook With the paper covers forming the sole joint between the veneer pieces to create free-folding corner joints.

Another object of this invention is to provide a wraparound folding box blank composed of a row of five spaced Wood veneer pieces having paper covers adhesively united to both faces of the pieces and With each piece fatented Sept. 4, 1956 having a moisture content of from 6 to 12 per cent but held by the paper covers in the open expandedcellular network of Wood having a moisture content of at least 30 per cent. f

A still further object of this invention is to provide a Wrap-around box shock composed of paper-covered Wood veneer pieces to form the sides, the bottom, and the top lids of a box. i

A further object of this invention is to provide a paper.- covered Wood veneer assembly adapted to be Wrapped around Wood end pieces to form a finished carton or box.

A still further object of this invention is to provide apparatus for forming paper-covered Wood veneer shooks which mcludes upright dividers to hold the veneer pieces in properly aligned and spaced relationship.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a method for producing paper-covered Wood veneer box blanks by stacking Wood veneer pieces between dividers and by incorporating 'paper sheets between the veneer pieces in each stack.

Other and further objects of this. invention willbe apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of the annexed sheet of drawings which, by way of a preferred example, illustrates the product of this invention and the apparatus for producing the product.

On the drawings: p

Figure 1 is an isometric view of a paper-covered Wood veneer shock according to this invention.

Figura 2 is an isornetric view of a finished box made from the shook of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a plan view of the Wrap-around shook of this invention.

Figure 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a plan view of apparatus for forming the shooks of this invention and illustrating the manner in which the paper sheet and the Wood veneer pieces are inserted in the apparatus.

Figure 6 is a side elevational view of the apparatus of Figure 5 and illustrating a stack of veneer sheets and Wood veneer pieces therein.

Figure 7 is a plan view of the assembly formed in the stack of Figure 6 after it is remo'vcd from the Stack.- ing apparatus and illustrating the projecting ends of the veneer pieces.

As shown on the drawings:

The shock 10 of Figure 1 has a bottom 11, sides 12 and 13 in right angular relation and top lids 14 and'15. The bottom 11 has a single piece of plywood 16 extending throughout its length and width. The grain of the plywood piece 16 runs lengthwise of the shook. The sides 12 and 13 have similar plywood pieces 17 and 18 respectiveiy. The lids 14 and 15 have narrower plywood pieces 19 and 29 respectively. An inside paper cover 21 and an outside paper cover 22 is adhesivel bonded to the opposite faces of the plywood pieces 16 to 20 and extends between these pieces to form bending hinges 23.

A finished box 10a shown in Fgure 2, is formed from the shook 19 by securing the bottom, the sides and the top lids around the periphery of Wood end pieces such as 24. Nails or other fasteners 25 are used to attach the shook to the end pieces. As illustrated in Figure 2, the Wood end 24 Will have a .square or rectangular.. configuration adapted to fit within the space at the end of the shook when the sides of the shook are positioned at right angular relation to the lbottom and when the top lids are positoned in right angular relation to the sides. A rectangular box is thereby provided. The box instead of the veneer pieces. Vand 22a are then 'deposited on top of the veneer pieces can-.bezsealed by tplacing an adhesive tape 26 over the space between the top lids 14 iand 15. i

piece 12 While the end lid lSis outside of the side piece 13;V 'The ga'psZS between the Wood veneer pieces 16 Vto 20 Iformin'g the 'bottonn sides and end pieces, are sufliciently wide relative to the thickness of the Wood veneer so that the adjacent Wood veneer pieces can` be bent into right 'angular relationship without rupturing the paper covers 21 'and 22; AsV shownv in Figure 4, adhesive bonds 26 'and 27 unite the paper covers 21 and-22 to the Wood veneer pieces and the adhesive' forming these bondst-extends into the pores 'of the Wood and paper-to' 'create firm anchoringlocks'which holdlthe Wood against shrinkage.

'Suitable apparatus '28 for'laying up the shock assemblies 10 is shown in Figures and 6; This apparatus 28 includes a base or bottom 29'with upstanding divider bars 30 'along 'each longitudinal edgev thererof. These bars are arranged `in transversely aligned pairs on the opposite longitudinaledges of the base and are spaced longitudinally to provide therebetween chambers for snugly receiving the respective Wood veneer pieces of the shook. The dividers'are wide enough to form the desiredtgaps 23Vbretween the veneerpiecers.v Therbase 29 receives the bottom kraft paper sheet22 thereon and the veneer pieces 16 to 20 are iglue-coated Von both faces and are' laid between the respective dividers 30 to form the assembly shown in Figure 5.V Alternately, the top face of th'ekraft sheet 22 can beglue-coated Two kraft cover sheets 21 between thedividers. As shown in Figure 6 the two kraft coversheets 21 and 22 are in'face-to-face relation so'that the bottorn sheet 21 Vwill form the top cover for the bottom row ofveneer pieces while the top sheet 22 V,Will form the bottom cover sheet'for the next row of veneer pieces in the stack. VThe successive assemblies of paper sheets and Wood veneer pieces is continued until a Stack of -de'sired height is formed in the apparatus '28. ,'As shown, the kraft sheets are narrower than the Wood veneer pieces so as to lie insidev of the dividers While the veneer pieces project between the dividers Vto be held thereby in the proper spaced relation.` Thegrain of theveneer pieces extend transversely across the width of the Vapparatus; and across the length of the kraft sheets 21 and 22.V

AS shown in Figure 6, When a Stack of desiredtheight is provided in the apparatus 278, clamps 31 or other loading means are utilized to press the stack and firmlyfforce the paper and Wood into intimate contact. The pressing is done without heat and is maintained until an initialglue bond is formed which Will hold the Wet Wood against shrinkageV during subsequent drying Operations. The paper sheets and the glue bonds in pr'eventing shrinkage of the i constituting the shooks c'oact with the tough kraft paper i Wood during the dryng operation Will Vactually holdithe o Wood in an open expanded cellular condition of substantially the same size as the wet swollen Wood Without, however, retaining the moisture in the Wood cells. Alkaline soyalbean glue is a desired bonding adhesive although other types of cold-setting adhesives can be used. After I the glue Vbonds have been for-med on' the wet Wood the cl'amps-'or other'loading means are removed and the 'successive assemblies are removed from the apparatus 23. As 'shown inFigure 7, theshook assemblies 10 in their untrirnmedv state, have the enrlsv of the plywood pieces pro'ecting beyond the sides of the kraft'paper and these projecting ends are trimmed off to provide'the finished shook of Figures, 1 to 4. Prior to trimming it is desirable to hot roll the assernbles in a drier to dryrthe Wood to a moisture content of between 6 and 12 per cent, The hot rolling further sets the glue bonds vand presses the paper i'n't'o intimate contact with the Wood.

covered Wood veneer shook adapted to be easily coni verted into aIiinished box' or cartontwith the use of'end Walls. These' end walls are preferably made lof Wood I' but can be formed of [other suitable box or crate material. The shooks of invention are strong, durable and light inV weight; The single ;thickness veneer pieces through the "media of a ;firmfglue bond which is 'set before the Wood is drie'do-so that the VWood is'heldinits open cellular'rcondition of wet Wood While only retaining from 6 to 12 per-cent moisture. 1 This open cellular Wood is free from' plits and cracks which ordinarily occur in f i the drying of veneer and is ,more supple than ordinary dried veneer. t

We claim as our invention:

1. The method of making 'paper-covered Wood veneer shooks which comprise's stacking Wood veneer. pieces between dividers tol form rows of pieces `in spaced relation, o

covering each row with paperrsheets of a width accommodated betweensaid dividers Vand of a-length equalto the i combined widths `of said veneeripie'c'es plus'the-Vspaces i therebetween, and adhesively bonding the papier'sheets tothe Wood pieces. w i I V2.V The methodV of forming folding box blanks composed of paper-covered Wood veneer pieces'which com'- prises laying'a row of'wood veneer pieces between paper covers with each piece spaced from an adjacent piece and.

projecting beyond the edges of the paper'covertadhesively uniting the Vpieces in Veach row to the adjacent paper covers and trimming oif'the projecting margins of ,said veneer pieces to the edges of said paper covers..

3; The method ofmaking paper-covered foldingbox blanks'composed ofrwood veneer pieces covered by paper sheets forming''V hinges between the Wood veneer pieces which comprises Vdepositing a paper sheet centrally between longitudinally spaced up'right dividers on a base,'

depositing wet glue-coated Wood veneer pieces transversely on the paper 'sheet extendingpbetween the dividers o beyond the sides of the sheet to be spaced apart for forming gaps therebetween, depositing two sheets of paper i on the thus-formed row of Wood veneer pieces, depositing another row of glue-coated Wood veneer pieces on top of the uppermost sheet of said two-sheets of paper and extending between the dividers repeating the alternateV deposition of rows of Wood veneer pieces and two sheets z of paper toform a stack" of desired height, pressing the stack to intimately unite the paper and Wood, allowing the adhesive to set 'in the pressed stackwithout drying the Wood to its shrink'age'point, releasing the pressure,V removing the resulting blank assemblies from the stack, o 1

drying the assen'lhlies to `a moisture'content between 6 tov 12 per cent while the paper holds thewood againstshrink-` V age, and -trimming offpthe ends of the-Wood veneer pieces v projectingbeyond the sides of the sheets. p

4. The methodV of forming foldingv paper-covered Wood shooks which comprses alternately stacking Wood veneer pieces and 'paper'covers to form rows of Wood veneer pieces in spacedparallel relation and projecting beyond the paper Vcovers; pressing the stack to set the adhesive,

drying the assembly, andtrirnmingV off the projecting Wood pieces. i o

5. The method of making folding box shooks Vwhich 'eomprises forming alternatre layers of paper covers and i rows vofwood vene'erypieces in spaced parallel relation,

said Woodveneer pieces being in'wet swollen condition.

with a moist'ure content of over 30 per cent, adhesively uniting' the rows of Wood veneer pieces to the adjacent paper covers, thereafter drying the Wood to a moisture content between 6 to 12 per-cent Vand holding the Wood against shrinkage by said paper icovers and glue bonds to maintain the woodjin its.wet swollen'condition.

(R 'ferences on following page) References Cted in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Randall et al. Apr. 9, 1935 6 Duffy et al. July 18, 1944 Kantzler Jan. 27, 1953 Elmendorf Mar. 10, 1953 Elmendorf Nov. 9, 1954 Elmendorf Nov. 9, 1954 Elmendorf Oct. 4, 1955 

1. THE METHOD OF MAKING PAPER-COVERED WOOD VENEER SHOOKS WHICH COMPRISES STACKING WOOD VENEER PIECES BETWEEN DIVIDERS TO FORM ROWS OF PIECES IN SPACED RELATION, COVERING EACH ROW WITH PAPER SHEETS OF A WIDTH ACCOMMODATED BETWEEN SAID DIVIDERS AND OF A LENGTH EQUAL TO THE COMBINED WIDTHS OF SAID VENEER PIECES PLUS THE SPACES THEREBETWEEN, AND ADHESIVELY BONDING THE PAPER SHEETS TO THE WOOD PIECES. 